Why is it critical to assess vertical dimension in RPD patients?

Assessing the vertical dimension in removable partial denture (RPD) patients is essential for ensuring proper fit and function of the prosthetic device. The vertical dimension refers to the space between the upper and lower jaws when the teeth are in occlusion. If this dimension is too high or too low, it can lead to discomfort, difficulty in chewing, and impaired aesthetics.

When the vertical dimension is correctly established, it not only contributes to optimal occlusion but also affects the overall stability and retention of the RPD. A well-defined vertical dimension allows for appropriate alignment of the occlusal surfaces, which is crucial for maintaining the proper function of the jaw during speaking and eating. Additionally, it influences the positioning of the remaining natural teeth and the base of the denture, which plays a significant role in the health of the oral tissues.

In contrast, while determining which teeth are missing, identifying potential jaw disorders, and specifying material choices are important aspects of the RPD design process, they do not directly address the foundational concerns related to the comfort and function of the denture, which are primarily influenced by the vertical dimension.